2022年考研考博-考博英语-西南科技大学考试名师押题精选卷I(带…(2023更新)

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住在有钱人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-西南科技大学考试名师押题精选卷i（带答案详解）（图像可根据实践调整巨细）题型12345总分得分一.归纳题(共50题)1.单选题

theproblemof（）toselectashissuccessorwasquicklydisposedof.

疑问1选项

a.whom

b.which

c.what

d.how

【答案】a

【解析】查询代词。因为不定式动词select为及物动词，因而这儿所选代词有必要可以作为其宾语，由此可将只能作状语的联络词how打扫。在不定式短语toselectashissuccessor中宾语补足语hissuccessor是“人”，因而，宾语只能是指代人的代词，由此可以必定a选项whom为正确答案，并将b选项what和d选项which打扫。句意:选择谁作为他的继任者的疑问很快就处置了。综上所述，本题的正确答案是a选项。

2.单选题

theidealcompanionmachine—thecomputer—wouldnotonlylook,feel,andsoundfriendlybutwouldalsobeprogrammedtobehaveinapleasantmanner.thosequalitiesthatmakeinteractionwithotherpeopleenjoyablewouldbeimitatedascloselyaspossible,andthemachinewouldappeartobecharming,andeasygoing.itsinformalconversationalstylewouldmakeinteractioncomfortable,andyetthemachinewouldremainslightlyunpredictableandthereforeinteresting.initsfirstencounteritmightbesomewhathesitant,butasitcametoknowtheuseritwouldprogresstoamorerelaxedandintonatestyle.themachinewouldnotbeapassiveparticipantbutwouldadditsownsuggestions,information,andopinions;itwouldsometimestaketheinitiativeindevelopingorchangingthetopicandwouldhaveapersonalityofitsown.

friendshipsarenotmadeinaday,andthecomputerwouldbemoreacceptableasafriendifitimitatedthegradualchangesthatoccurwhenonepersonisgettingtoknowanother.atanappropriatetimeitmightalsoexpressthekindofaffectionthatstimulatesattachmentandintimacy.thewholeprocesswouldbeaccomplishedinasubtlewaytoavoidgivinganimpressionofover-familiaritythatwouldbelikelytoproduceirritation.afterexperiencingawealthofpowerful,well-timedfriendshipindicators,theuserwouldbeverylikelytoacceptthecomputerasfarmorethanamachineandmightwellcometoregarditasafriend.

anartificialrelationshipofthistypewouldprovidemanyofthebenefitsthatpeopleobtainfrominterpersonalfriendships.themachinewouldparticipateininterestingconversationthatcouldcontinuefrompreviousdiscussions.itwouldhaveafamiliaritywiththeuser’slifeasrevealedinearliercontact,anditwouldbeunderstandingandgood-humored.thecomputer’sownpersonalitywouldbelivelyandimpressive,anditwoulddevelopinresponsetothatoftheuser.withfeaturessuchasthese,themachinemightindeedbecomeaveryattractivesocialpartner.

1.whichofthefollowingisnotafeatureoftheidealcompanionmachine?

2.thecomputerwoulddevelopfriendshipswithhumansina(n)（）way.

3.whichofthefollowingaspectsisnotmentionedwhenthepassagediscussesthebenefitsofartificialrelationships?

4.throughoutthepassage,theauthoris（）inhisattitudetowardsthecomputer.

5.whichmightbethemostappropriatetitleofthepassage?

疑问1选项

a.activeincommunication

b.attractiveinpersonality

c.enjoyableinperformance

d.unpredictableinbehaviour

疑问2选项

a.quick

b.unpredictable

c.productive

d.inconspicuous

疑问3选项

a.beingabletopickupaninterestingconversation.

b.beingsensitivetoearliercontact.

c.beingreadytolearnabouttheperson’slife.

d.havingapleasantandadaptablepersonality.

疑问4选项

a.favourable

b.critical

c.vague

d.hesitant

疑问5选项

a.artificialrelationships

b.howtoformintimaterelationships

c.theaffectionatemachine

d.humansandcomputers

【答案】第1题:d

第2题:d

第3题:b

第4题:a

第5题:c

【解析】1.实际细节题。题干:以下那个选项不是抱负陪同机器的特征？根据要害词“idealcompanionmachine”，可以定位到文章第一段，由第一段第三句话itsinformalconversationalstylewouldmakeinteractioncomfortable（它随意的说话个性会让互动变得舒畅），可知a选项“活泼地交流”，契合题意；由第一段最终一句话itwouldsometimestaketheinitiativeindevelopingorchangingthetopicandwouldhaveapersonalityofitsown.（它有时会主动打开或改动论题，并有自个的特性。），可知b选项“特性有招引力”，契合题意；由第一段第二句话thosequalitiesthatmakeinteractionwithotherpeopleenjoyablewouldbeimitatedascloselyaspossible,andthemachinewouldappeartobecharming,andeasygoing.（机器会尽可以地仿照那些使与别人互动变得开心的质量，诱人而又豪氤。），可知c选项“体现上使人愉悦”，契合题意。由第一段第三句话themachinewouldremainslightlyunpredictable（机器行为可以预知），要留心限制词slightly“细小地”的运用。所以d选项“行为不可以预知”，表述差错。综上所述，本题的正确答案是d选项。

2.实际细节题。题干:机器会以_______的方法打开和人类的友谊。由题干定位到文章第二段第三句话thewholeprocesswouldbeaccomplishedinasubtlewaytoavoidgivinganimpressionofover-familiaritythatwouldbelikelytoproduceirritation.（整个进程将以一种奇妙的方法结束，以避免给人留下过火了解的形象而发生愤恨。），可知友谊树立的进程是一个纤细的、难以发觉的进程，所以d选项“难以发觉的，不引人留心的”，契合题意。a选项“灵敏的”，b选项“不可以猜测的”，c选项“赋有成效的”，均不契合题意。综上所述，本题的正确答案是d选项。

3.实际细节题。题干:当文章谈论人工联络的优点时，下面哪个方面没有说到?由题干定位到文章最终一段，由最终一段第二句话themachinewouldparticipateininterestingconversationthatcouldcontinuefrompreviousdiscussions.（机器会参加到一段风趣的对话中，接上之前的谈论），可知a选项“能接起一段风趣的对话”，是人工联络的优点之一；由最终一段倒数第二句话thecomputer’sownpersonalitywouldbelivelyandimpressive,anditwoulddevelopinresponsetothatoftheuser.（核算机本身特性生动，令人形象深化，它将根据用户的特性给予回答。），可知d选项“特性开畅、习气才能强”，契合题意；由最终一段第三句话itwouldhaveafamiliaritywiththeuser’slifeasrevealedinearliercontact,anditwouldbeunderstandingandgood-humored.（就像前期触摸闪现的那样，它对用户的日子有一种了解感，它也善解人意，诙谐诙谐。），可知c选项“学习人类的往常日子”，表述正确，而b选项“对之前的触摸活络”，表达的意思不契合，归于对这句话的望文生义，所以b选项不正确。综上所述，本题的正确答案是b选项。

4.观念情绪题。题干:在全文中，作者对核算机的情绪是_______。从文章最终一句withfeaturessuchasthese,themachinemightindeedbecomeaveryattractivesocialpartner.（有了这些功用，这台机器可以真的会变成一个非常有招引力的交际火伴。），可以看出作者对核算机的情绪是欣赏的，文章中也多次运用了褒义描述词:ideal,friendly,enjoyable,benefits,good-humored等等，所以本题大约选择a选项“欣赏的”；b选项“批判的”，c选项“迷糊的”，d选项“犹疑的”，都不是作者对核算机的情绪。综上所述，本题的正确答案是a选项。

5.主旨粗心题。题干:哪一个可所以这篇文章最适合的标题？文章第一段标明电脑是抱负的陪同机器，与它交流会感到诙谐轻松，它还能有自个的观念和主张。第二段文中说到了电脑会以一种不令人发觉的方法使人类承受这段友谊。第三段说到电脑的人类的联络有林林总总的优点。归纳整篇文章，可见电脑和人之间的友谊，所以c选项“厚意的机器”，比照贴合题意；b选项“如何构成亲近的联络”，整篇文章都在描绘机器人和人类的联络，而b选项内容文章中没有触及，所以打扫。a选项“人工联络”和d选项“人类和电脑”，触及的面广泛，文章没有全部阐明。综上所述，本题的正确答案是c选项。

3.单选题

withcloud,mobility,bigdataandconsumerization,companiesareinevengreaterneedoftechnologytalentthantheywereinthelate1990s,andthattalentisinevenshortersupply.computerscienceenrollmentsareatanall-timelow;baby-boomerworkersareretiringandtakingallofthatlegacy—systemsknowledgewiththem;andsiliconvalleyishotagain.wouldthatyoung,brilliantdeveloperratherjointhenextzyngaorupgradethepayrollsystemsatyourinsurancecompany?

twoweeksago,iaskedtheitexecutivereadershipofmyweeklynewsletter,thehellerreport,toanswerthequestion:ifyouhadamagicwand,whichonetalentproblemwouldyousolve?responsespouredinandaddressedchallengesaroundrecruiting,developingleaders,andretainingthetalentthattheycurrentlyhave.butmorethan70percentofreaderswouldusetheirmagicwandtodoonlyonething:givebusinessskillstotheirtechnologists.theirpeople,theyworry,aresonarrowlyfocusedonthetechnologythattheyfailtoseetheforestforthetrees.theydonotunderstandthebusinesscontextoftheirtechnologywork,norcantheyhavemeaningfuldiscussionswiththeleadersofthebusinessareasabouttheirtechnologysupport.

thislackofbusiness-savvytechnologytalentisaseriousproblemforeverycompanythatreliesontechnologytoexist(whichis,ofcourse,everycompany).thosebeautifully“blendedexecutives,”whocantalktechnologyinonemeetingandcantalkbusinessinanother,arerarebirds.yetwithtechnologymovingdirectlyintotherevenuestreamofyourcompany,youneedthem,andyourneedisonlygoingtoincrease.

oneoptionistospendallofyourtimeandmoneyonrecruitingblendedexecutivesfromtheoutside.youwillbeinheatedcompetitionwitheveryothercompanyinyourmarket,andifyourrecruitingfunctionisnotacompetitiveweaponforyou,youwillfindyourselfinalosingbattle.youwouldbemuchbetteroffgrowingyourown.herearesomeideas:

buildarotationalprogram.encourageyourheadofhumanresourcestoworkwithyourcioandafewofyourotherbusinessleaderstobuildaprogramthatrotatesitpeopleintodifferentfunctionsofthebusiness.thiskindofprogramisnoteasy,withyourciohavingtosurvivewithoutatrusteditleaderforaperiodoftime,butthelong-termresultofagoodrotationalprogramcanbetremendous.itmaywellbeworththeinvestment.

involveyourbusinessleaders.ifarotationalprogramistoomuchtotakeonrightnow,buildaleadershipdevelopmentprogramforitthatinvolvesyourbusinessexecutives.encourageyourciotoinvitetheheadsofyourmajorbusinessunitstomeetregularlywiththesenioritteamtoeducatethemontheirbusinessarea.andbesurethatyou,cfo,arespendingenoughtimewithit.usethatinteractiontochipawayatthelong-standingwallthatoftenexistsbetweenthebusinessandit.

1.companiesareingreaterneedoftechnologytalentnotbecau查找引擎优化f（）.

2.themainideaofparagraph2isthat（）.

3.thephrase“recruitingfunction”underlinedinparagraph4refersto（）.

4.ifacompanydoesn’thaveenoughtimeandmoneytohireexecutivesitneeds,itshould（）.

?5.arotationalprogramdoesn’tinvolve（）.

疑问1选项

a.theaccumulationofmoredata

b.theneedtoserveconsumers

c.therisingdemandforcloudcomputation

d.thedevelopmentofmedicalindustry

疑问2选项

a.profounddiscussionisrequired

b.itemployeesshouldbebusiness-savvy

c.technologysupportisexpected

d.therearechallengesinrecruitingdevelopers

疑问3选项

a.recruitmentofaparticularfirm

b.thefunctionalityofrecruitment

c.competitiverecruitmentstrategy

d.employmentofitworkersforacertainemployer

疑问4选项

a.achievelong-termresults

b.deviseatrainingprogram

c.participateinheatedcompetition

d.callonallbusinessleaders

疑问5选项

a.blendeditexecutives

b.cio

c.ceo

d.allbusinessleaders

【答案】第1题:d

第2题:b

第3题:c

第4题:d

第5题:d

【解析】1.实际细节题。题干:公司特别需要技能人才不是因为_______。经过题干定位到文章第一段的第一句话withcloud,mobility,bigdataandconsumerization,companiesareinevengreaterneedoftechnologytalentthantheywereinthelate1990s.（跟着云核算、移动性、大数据和花费化，公司比上世纪90年代末更需要技能人才。），a选项“更大都据的累积”，对应“大数据”，b选项“效能花费者的需要”，对应“花费化”，c选项“云核算需要的添加”，对应“云核算”，只需d选项“医药工业的打开”，在文中并没有提及，所以本题大约选d选项。

2.主旨粗心题。题干:第二段的中心思维是________。根据第二段的首要内容“假定你有根魔杖，你会处置哪一自个才疑问？70%的读者的选择是把商业技能教授给他们的技能人员”，所以b选项“it职工大约具有商业脑筋”契合题意。文中最终一句说到theydonotunderstandthebusinesscontextoftheirtechnologywork,norcantheyhavemeaningfuldiscussionswiththeleadersofthebusinessareasabouttheirtechnologysupport.（他们不晓得其技能作业的事务环境，也不能与事务领域的领导者就其技能撑持进行有意义的谈论。），由此可知，和事务领域的领导者进行深化的谈论是包括在商业技能里边的，所以a选项“需要深化的谈论”不正确，c选项“等待技能撑持”和d选项“在招聘开发者方面存在一些应战”都是想要处置的疑问之一，但不是中心思维。综上所述，该题正确答案为b选项。

3.语义估测题。题干:文中第四段的划线有些“recruitingfunction”指的是_______。第四段中说到ifyourrecruitingfunctionisnotacompetitiveweaponforyou,youwillfindyourselfinalosingbattle.youwouldbemuchbetteroffgrowingyourown.herearesomeideas:（假定你的recruitingfunction对你来说不是一件有竞赛力的武器，你会发现自个处于一场失利的战争中。你最佳打开本身，以下是一些主张:），紧接着第五，第六段提出一些主张。所以recruitingfunction在这儿指的是“有竞赛力的招聘战略”，c选项契合题意。a选项“特定公司的招聘”，b选项“招聘的功用”，d选项“为某个雇主雇佣it工人”，均不是对recruitingfunction正确的说明。综上所述，该题正确答案为c选项。

4.细节推理题。题干:假定一家公司没有满足的时刻和资金来聘请它所需要的高管，那么它大约_________。文章第五段和第六段说到的两个主张，第一个是buildarotationalprogram（树立一个轮换方案），第二个是involveyourbusinessleaders（让你的商业领袖参加进来），由此可知，d选项“呼唤一切的商业领袖”契合题意。a选项“获得长时刻成果”，在文中并未提及，打扫a选项，b选项“拟定培训方案”，文中第六段说到的轮换方案指的是将it人员轮换到事务的不一样功能的程序，和b选项表达的内容不相符，打扫b选项，c选项“参加剧烈的竞赛”，在文中并未提及，打扫c选项。所以本题大约选择d选项。

5.实际细节题。题干:轮换准则不包括________。由要害词“rotationalprogram”定位到文章第五段encourageyourheadofhumanresourcestoworkwithyourcioandafewofyourotherbusinessleaderstobuildaprogramthatrotatesitpeopleintodifferentfunctionsofthebusiness.（鼓舞您的人力本钱主管与您的cio和其他一些事务领导协作，树立一个将it人员轮换到事务的不一样功能的程序。），由此可知，d选项“一切商业领袖”，不正确，所以本题选择d选项，a选项“混合it高管”，b选项“cio”均在第五段中说到，c选项“ceo”在第六段中说到“businessexecutives”，综上所述，本题的正确答案是d选项。

4.单选题

asateacher,youshouldnot（）thestudentsfromaskingquestionsinclass.

疑问1选项

a.ruin

b.restrain

c.import

d.impose

【答案】b

【解析】查询动词分析。a选项ruin?鸹担朔眩保籦选项restrain“抑制，控制”，指用强力或权力去阻挡或捆绑或人做某事；c选项import“输入，进口”；d选项impose“强加，纳税，以……诈骗”。句意:作为教师，你不大约阻挡学生在课堂上发问。由选项意思和句意可知，b选项契合句意。

5.单选题

thechangesinthiscityhaveoccurred（）.

疑问1选项

a.withswiftness

b.fastly

c.rapidly

d.inrapidways

【答案】c

【解析】查询副词分析。swift、fast和rapid都是快的意思。swift，富含平稳、马上、美丽的意思；fast作副词时，可指物体或人的速度快，首要用来润饰人或物体的动作，fast本身就有副词的作用。英语中，几乎不见fastly这个词，所以b选项打扫；rapid是正式用语，多指运动本身，偏重运动的高速度，所指的速度有时有“对人有利”的意义，常常可与fast交换运用，但口气比fast强。例如:hemadesuchrapidprogressthathisparentswereveryglad.（他获得了如此快的前进，致使于他的父母都很高兴。），副词方法是rapidly，润饰动词occur大约用副词，所以c选项契合题意。句意:这个城市的改变发生得很快。综上所述，本题的正确答案是c选项。

6.单选题

shemusthavebeenpretty（）tofallforsuchanoldtrick.

疑问1选项

a.interested

b.gullible

c.enthusiastic

d.shrewd

【答案】b

【解析】查询描述词分析。a选项interested“感快乐喜爱的”；b选项gullible“易上当的，轻信的”；c选项enthusiastic“热心的”；d选项shrewd“精明的，奸刁的”。句意:她太简略上当上当了，才落入这样的老圈套。由选项意思和句意可知，b选项契合句意。

7.单选题

landbelongstothecity;thereis（）thingasprivateownershipofland.

疑问1选项

a.nosucha

b.notsuch

c.notasuch

d.nosuch

【答案】d

【解析】查询固定分配。thereisnosuchthingas…是习气用法，意思为“没有…这样的事”。句意:土地归城市一切，没有土地私有这回事。因而，本题的正确选项是d选项。

8.翻译题

translatethefollowingtextintochinese.?

theregularu查找引擎优化ftextmessagesande-mailscanlowertheiqmorethantwiceasmuchassmokingmarijuana.thatistheclaimofpsychologistswhohavefoundthattappingawayonamobilephoneorcomputerkeypadorcheckingthemforelectronicmessagestemporarilyknocksupto10pointsofftheuser’siq.thisrateofdeclineinintelligencecomparesunfavorablywiththefour-pointdropiniqassociatedwithsmokingmarijuana,accordingtobritishresearchers,whohavelabeledthetemporaryphenomenonofincreasedstupidityas“infomania”.researchonsleepdeprivationsuggeststhattheiqdropcausedbyelectronicobsessionisequaltoawakefulnight.thenoticeabledropiniqisattributedtotheconstantdistractionof“alwayson”technologywhenemployeesshouldbeconcentratingonwhattheyarepaidtodo.infomaniameansthattheyloseconcentrationastheirmindsremainfixedinanalmostpermanentstateofreadinesstoreacttotechnologyinsteadoffocusingonthetaskinhand.

【答案】常常收发短信和电子邮件会降低你的iq，其损害程度甚至是啃咬大麻对智力损害程度的两倍多。心思学家发现我们在运用手机或电脑键盘打字或许用它们查询电子信息时，智力会暂时降低10个百分点。英国研讨人员称，与啃咬大麻比较，电子信息对智力的晦气影响大的多。人在啃咬大麻时智商会降低4个百分点。研讨人员将这种暂时变笨的表象称为“信息狂躁”。关于掠夺睡觉的研讨标明因为痴迷于电子产品而构成的智力衰退恰当于一夜失眠。构成这种智力显着衰退的缘由在于当职工们大约会集精力作业时，“无处不在”的科技却老是不断涣散他们的留心力。信息狂躁是指他们的知道近乎一向处于一种随时对“技能”做出反应的状况，因而无法将留心力会集在手头的作业上。

9.单选题

inordertosurvivenowand（）inthefuture,alltheworkingstaffmustconstantlycreatenewideasforeveryaspectofyourbusiness.

疑问1选项

a.maximize

b.thrive

c.erect

d.recruit

【答案】b

【解析】查询动词分析。a选项maximize“最大化，极大”；b选项thrive“昌盛，兴隆，健壮生长”；c选项erect“竖立，缔造，创建”；d选项recruit“征募，聘任”。句意:为了如今的生计和将来的昌盛，一切的职工有必要不断地为公司的各个方面创造新的主意。由选项意思和句意可知，b选项契合句意。

10.单选题

humble（）itmaybe,thereisnoplacemorelikehome.

疑问1选项

a.although

b.as

c.how

d.that

【答案】b

【解析】查询让步状语从句。语句用了倒装，把描述词提前到句首，只需as或许though有这个用法，although没有。as/though引导的让步从句有必要将表语或状语提前（描述词，副词，分词，实义动词提前）例如:tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.由as引导的让步状语从句，偏重表语humble。句意:尽管这儿是粗陋的，可是没有一个当地比它更像家。所以本题选择b选项正确。

11.翻译题

translatethefollowingtextintoenglish.writeyourtranslationontheanswersheet.

当科学家期望用一种声响说话时，他们一般会选用一种非常不科学的方法:共同陈述。其理念是:将多个专家的常识浓缩为一种可以处置争议、协助拟定方针的单一观点，可是达到这种共同一般违背这些方针，而且会削弱其本欲凸显的声威。专家小组初步会提出许多有价值的原理和主张。可是，构成专家共同的谈论的确在“政治”上的共通性大于其在“科学”上的相同之处。

【答案】whenscientistswanttospeakwithonevoice,theytendtodosoinaveryunscientificway:consensusreport.theideaistocondensetheknowledgeofmultipleexpertsintoasingleviewthatcanresolvedisputesandhelppolicymaking.butreachingsuchaconsensusoftendefeatsthosegoalsandunderminestheauthority.thepanelwillbeginwithmanyvaluableprinciplesandsuggestions.however,thediscussionsthatformexpertconsensusdohavemoreintercommunitywith“politics”thanwith“science”.

12.单选题

fool（）jerryis,hecouldnothavedonesuchathing.

疑问1选项

a.who

b.as

c.like

d.that

【答案】b

【解析】查询让步状语从句。语句前半有些用了倒装，四个选项中只需as引导的让步状语从句有必要以有些倒装的方法呈现，被倒装的有些可所以表语、状语或动词原形。句意:像杰瑞这么傻，他不可以能做这种事。故本题的正确选项是b选项。

13.单选题

they’veliftedatwo-year-longeconomic（）onthecountry.

疑问1选项

a.enclosure

b.restriction

c.blockade

d.prohibition

【答案】c

【解析】查询名词分析。a选项enclosure“围墙，围场”；b选项restriction“捆绑，捆绑”；c选项blockade“围住，关闭”；d选项prohibition“阻止，禁令”。economic常和blockade分配，意思是“经济关闭”。句意:他们清除了对该国长达两年的经济关闭。由选项意思和句意可知，c选项契合句意。

14.单选题

thereareonlytenapplesleftinthebaskets,（）thespoiltones.

疑问1选项

a.notcounting

b.nottocount

c.don’tcount

d.havingnotcounted

【答案】a

【解析】查询非谓语动词。因为语句前后没有连词联接，因而该处填入的动词要用非谓语方法。此处要选择如今分词方法做伴随状语，其否定方法是在前面加上not即可。句意:篮子里只需10个苹果,没算上坏掉的。因而，本题的正确选项是a选项。

15.单选题

toomuch（）tox-rayscancauseskinburns,cancerorotherdamagetothebody.

疑问1选项

a.disclosure

b.exhibition

c.contact

d.exposure

【答案】d

【解析】查询名词分析。a选项disclosure“宣告，揭露”；b选项exhibition“展览，闪现”；c选项contact“触摸，联络”；d选项exposure“露出，曝光”。句意:过多露出在x射线下会致使肌肤损害、癌症或其他身体损害。由选项意思和句意可知，d选项契合句意。

16.单选题

after（）seemedanendlesswait,itwashisturntoenterthepersonnelmanager’soffice.

疑问1选项

a.that

b.it

c.what

d.there

【答案】c

【解析】查询宾语从句。介词after后边接的是宾语从句，而宾语从句中短少主语，用what引导宾语从句，并做从句的主语。句意:在无尽的等候后，轮到她进入人事部司理的单位了。因而本题的正确答案是c选项。

17.单选题

nomatterhowfrequently（）,theworksofbeethovenalwaysattractlargeaudience.

疑问1选项

a.performed

b.performing

c.tobeperformed

d.beingperformed

【答案】a

【解析】查询分词用法。nomatterhow引导让步状语从句，后接描述词、分词或副词，标明“不管怎样，不管如何”。本题中动词“perform”的逻辑主语是“theworksofbeethoven”，它们之间的联络是被逼联络，即“贝多芬的作品被演奏”，因而要用曩昔分词。例如:nomatterhowoftenrepeated，therumorisnottrue。（谣言不管被重复多少次也不是真的。）选项d用了被逼语态，标明如今进行时的被逼，故d选项不对。所以本题的正确答案是a选项。句意:尽管贝多芬的作品常常被演奏，它们仍是招引大批听众。综上所述，本题的正确答案是a选项。

18.单选题

whatisthenatureofthescientificattitude,theattitudeofthemanorwomanwhostudiesandappliesphysics,biology,chemistry,geology,engineering,medicineoranyotherscience?

weallknowthatscienceplaysanimportantroleinthesocietiesinwhichwelive.manypeoplebelieve,however,thatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience.thefirstoftheseistheapplicationofthemachines,productsandsystemsofappliedknowledgethatscientistsandtechnologistsdevelop.throughtechnology,scienceimprovesthestructureofsocietyandhelpsmantogainincreasingcontroloverhisenvironment.thesecondaspectistheapplicationbyallmembersofsocietyofthespecialmethodsofthoughtandactionthatscientistsuseintheirwork.

whatarethesespecialmethodsofthinkingandacting?firstofall,itseemsthatasuccessfulscientistisfullofcuriosity—hewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks.heusuallydirectshisattentiontowardsproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfactoryexplanation,andhiscuriositymakeshimlookforunderlyingrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected.moreover,hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves.

heisagoodobserver,accurate,patientandobjectiveandapplieslogicalthoughttotheobservationshemakes.heutilizesthefactsheobservestothefullestextent.forexample,trainedobserversobtainaverylargeamountofinformationaboutastarmainlyfromtheaccurateanalysisofthesimplelinesthatappearinaspectrum.

heisskeptical—hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailable—andthereforerejectsauthorityasthesolebasisfortruth.scientistsalwayscheckstatementsandmakeexperimentscarefullyandobjectivelytoverifythem.

furthermore,heisnotonlycriticaloftheworkofothers,butalsoofhisown,sinceheknowsthatmanistheleastreliableofscientificinstrumentsandthatanumberoffactorstendtodisturbobjectiveinvestigation.

lastly,heishighlyimaginativesinceheoftenhastolookforrelationshipsindatawhicharenotonlycomplexbutalsofrequentlyincomplete.furthermore,heneedsimaginationifhewantstomakehypothesesofhowprocessesworkandhoweventstakeplace.thereseemtobesomeofthewaysinwhichasuccessfulscientistortechnologistthinksandacts.

1.manypeoplebelievethatsciencehelpssocietytoprogressthrough（?）.

2.whichofthefollowingstatementsisincorrectaboutcuriosity（?）?

3.accordingtothepassage,asuccessfulscientistwouldnot（?）.

4.whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss（?）?

5.whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthetopic（?）?

疑问1选项

a.appliedknowledge

b.morethanoneaspect

c.technologyonly

d.theu查找引擎优化fmachines

疑问2选项

a.itgivesthescientistconfidenceandpleasureinwork.

b.itgivesrisetointerestinproblemsthatareunexplained.

c.itleadstoeffortstoinvestigatepotentialconnections.

d.itencouragesthescientisttolookfornewwaysofacting.

疑问3选项

a.easilybelieveinuncheckedstatements.

b.easilycriticizeothers’researchwork.

c.alwaysusehisimaginationinwork.

d.alwaysuseevidencefromobservation.

疑问4选项

a.applicationoftechnology.

b.progressinmodernsociety.

c.scientists’waysofthinkingandacting.

d.howtobecomeasuccessfulscientist.

疑问5选项

a.critical.

b.objective.

c.biased.

d.unclear.

【答案】第1题:b

第2题:d

第3题:a

第4题:c

第5题:b

【解析】1.实际细节题。题干:许多人信赖科学经过_______协助社会前进。经过题干要害词“manypeoplebelieve”定位到第二段第二句manypeoplebelieve,however,thatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience（可是，许多人认为，咱们的前进取决于科学的两个不一样方面），这儿清楚指出社会前进要靠twodifferentaspectsofscience，因而b选项正确。a选项“使用常识”，c选项“仅靠技能”，d选项“使用机器”，a，c，d选项都不可全部。综上所述，本题的正确答案为b选项。

2.细节判别题。题干:关于猎奇心，以下哪个选项不正确？由题干中的“curiosity”定位至第三段。第三句和第四句对科学家的猎奇心进行了具体说明。第三句指出heusuallydirectshisattentiontowardsproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfactoryexplanation,andhiscuriositymakeshimlookforunderlyingrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected（他一般把留心力放在那些没有令人满足的说明的疑问上，他的猎奇心使他寻找潜在的联络，即便可用的数据如同是毫无相关的），选项b对应前一个分句，选项c对应and后的第二个分句。末句moreover,hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves.（此外，他认为他可以改进现有的条件，并乐于测验处置其间触及的疑问。），标明他对自个有决心，且从这一进程获得愉悦，即pleasure，a也契合辞意。综上所述，本题的正确答案为d选项。

3.细节判别题。经过文章可知，一个成功的科学家不会_________。根据第六段首句的内容，选项a中的uncheckedstatements是对“statementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailable”的归纳，阐明成功的可科学家不大约轻信没有查验的结论，故选a。选项b“简略批区别人的研讨作业”与第七段首句的意义共同，所以打扫b选项，选项c“在作业中常常使用愿望力”和最终一段第一句表达的意思重合，所以打扫c选项，选项d“常常使用经过调查得到的根据”和倒数第三段第一句表达的意思重合，所以打扫d选项。故打扫。从文中可知，科学家不是很简略信赖没有查验的结论，可是他不只批区别人的作业，还批判自个的作业，作业时需要愿望力，充分使用自个调查所得。综上所述，本题正确答案是a选项。

4.主旨粗心题。题干:文章首要谈论的是？文章开篇经过一个文句引出对科学情绪的本质的思考，第二段和第三段介绍了社会前进以来与科学的两个方面，之后第四段首句经过一个问句引出全文主题。后边的内容都是对这个主题的具体阐明。末段对这一主旨进行归纳，可见这篇文章的首要内容是重视methodsofthinkingandacting，故选c。a、b、d选项均不契合题意。综上所述，本题正确答案是c选项。

5.观念情绪题。在第四段提出这篇文章主旨后，作者就逐个介绍成功科学家的思维和行为方法。文中没有任何正面或负面评价，可见作者在文中对错常客观地阐明成功科学家的思维和行为方法，故选b“客观的”。a选项“批判的”，c选项“有成见的”和d选项“不理解的”，均不是作者的观念。综上所述，本题正确答案是b选项。

19.单选题

thejudgeruledthattheevidencewasinadmissibleonthegroundsthatitwas（）totheissueathand.

疑问1选项

a.irrational

b.unreasonable

c.invalid

d.irrelevant

【答案】d

【解析】查询描述词分析。a选项irrational“不合理的，无理性的”；b选项unreasonable“不合理的，不真实际的”；c选项invalid“无效的，有病的”；d选项irrelevant“不相干的，不贴题的”。句意:法官判决该根据不可以采信，因为它与手头的疑问无关。由选项意思和句意可知，d选项契合句意。

20.单选题

overthepastseveraldecades,theu.s.,canada,andeuropehavereceivedagreatdealofmediaandevenresearchattentionoverunusualphenomenaandunsolvedmysteries.theseincludeufosaswellassightingsandencounterswith“nonhumancreatures”suchasbigfootandthelochnessmonster.onlyrecentlyhaslatinamericabeguntoreceivesomeattentionaswell.althoughthemysteriesoftheaztec,mayan,andincacivilizationshavebeenknownforcenturies,nowthepublicisalsobecomingawareofunusual,paranormalphenomenaincountriessuchasperu.

thenazca“lines”ofperuwerediscoveredinthe1930s.thesefinesaredeeplycarvedintoaflat,stonyplain,andformabout300intricatepicturesofanimalssuchasbirds,am,andalizard.seenatgroundlevel,thedesignsareajumbledsenselessmess.theimagesaresolargethattheycanonlybeviewedataheightof1,000feet-meaningfromanaircraft.yettherewerenoaircraftin300b.c.,whenitisjudgedthedesignsweremade.norweretherethen,oraretherenow,anynearbymountainrangesfromwhichtoviewthem.sohowandwhydidthenativepeopleofnazcacreatethesemarvelousdesigns?oneanswerappearedin1969,whenthegermanresearcherandwritererichvondanikenproposedthatthelinesweredrawnbyextraterrestrialsasrunwaysfortheiraircraft.thescientificcommunitydidnottakelongtoscoffatandabandonvondaniken’stheory.overtheyearsseveralothertheorieshavebeenputforth,butnonehasbeenacceptedbythescientificcommunity.

todaythereisanewandheightenedinterestinthenazcalines.itisadirectresultofthecreationoftheinternet.currentlythereareover60sitesdedicatedtothismysteryfromlatinamerica’spast,andevenrespectedscientistshavejoinedthediscussionthroughe-mailandchatrooms.

willtheinternethelpexplaintheseunsolvedmysteries?perhapsitisastepintherightdirection.

1.whichofthefollowingstatementsisincorrect?

2.accordingtothepassage,thenazcalineswerefound（）.

3.wecaninferfromthepassagethatthehigherthelinesareseen,the（）imagestheypresent.

3.therehasbeenincreasinginterestinthenazcalinesmainlybecau查找引擎优化f（）.

5.theauthoris（）abouttheroleoftheinternetinsolvingmysteries.

疑问1选项

a.latinamericahaslongreceivedattentionforunusualphenomena

b.publicattentionisnowdirectedtowardscountrieslikeperu

c.publicinterestusuallyfocusesonnorthamericaandeurope

d.someancientcivilizationshaveunsolvedmysteries

疑问2选项

a.inmountains

b.instones

c.onanimals

d.onaplain

疑问3选项

a.smaller

b.larger

c.clearer

d.brighter

疑问4选项

a.theparticipationofscientists

b.theemergenceoftheinternet

c.thebirthofnewtheories

d.theinterestintheinternet

疑问5选项

a.cautious

b.pessimistic

c.uncertain

d.optimistic

【答案】第1题:a

第2题:d

第3题:c

第4题:b

第5题:a

【解析】1.推理判别题。题干:以下哪个选项的陈述不正确？文章第一段第三句指出onlyrecentlyhaslatinamericabeguntoreceivesomeattentionaswell.（直到迩来，拉丁美洲也初步遭到一些重视。），可知a选项“拉丁美洲长时刻以来一向因异常表象而遭到重视”，与原辞意思敌对，表述不正确，答案选a；根据第一段最终一句话althoughthemysteriesoftheaztec,mayan,andincacivilizationshavebeenknownforcenturies,nowthepublicisalsobecomingawareofunusual,paranormalphenomenaincountriessuchasperu.（尽管阿兹特克文明、玛雅文明和印加文明的奇妙现已为人所知好几个世纪了，但如今大众也初步知道到在秘鲁等国家呈现了不寻常的超天然表象。），可知b选项“大众的留心力如今转向了像秘鲁这样的国家”和d选项“一些古代文明有未解之谜”，均契合辞意；根据第一段第一句话overthepastseveraldecades,theu.s.,canada,andeuropehavereceivedagreatdealofmediaandevenresearchattentionoverunusualphenomenaandunsolvedmysteries.（在曩昔的几十年里，美国、加拿大和欧洲因异常表象和未解之谜而遭到了许多媒体甚至研讨的重视。），可知c选项“大众的快乐喜爱一般会集在北美和欧洲”正确。综上所述，本题的正确答案是a选项。

2.实际细节题。题干:根据文章可知，纳斯卡线条在_____被发现。由题干要害词“nazcalines”定位至第二段第二句话thesefinesaredeeplycarvedintoaflat,stonyplain,andformabout300intricatepicturesofanimalssuchasbirds,am,andalizard.（这些细雕被深深地雕刻成一个平坦的石质平原，并构成了大约300幅凌乱的动物图像，如鸟、山公和蜥蜴。），可知d选项“在平原”，正确。a选项“在山区”，b选项“石头上”和c选项“在动物身上”，均不是正确答案。综上所述，本题的正确答案是d选项。

3.实际细节题。题干:咱们可以根据文章揣度，在越高的当地看这些线条，图像展示得就会越_________。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第三，四句话seenatgroundlevel,thedesignsareajumbledsenselessmess.theimagesaresolargethattheycanonlybeviewedataheightof1,000feet-meaningfromanaircraft.（从地上上看，这些方案是凌乱无章，毫无意义的东西。这些图像是如此之大，致使于只能在1000英尺的高度—也就是说从飞机上看。），也就是说，从越高的当地看这些线条，图像也就越清楚。所以本题c选项“越清楚”，契合题意。a选项“越渺小”，b选项“越巨大”，和d选项“越亮堂”，均不契合题意。综上所述，本题的正确答案是c选项。

4.实际细节题。题干:我们对纳斯卡线条越来越感快乐喜爱首要是因为__________。由题干可以定位到文章第三段前两句todaythereisanewandheightenedinterestinthenazcalines.itisadirectresultofthecreationoftheinternet.（今日，我们对纳斯卡线条有了新的更大的快乐喜爱。它是互联网诞生的直接成果。），可知b选项“互联网的呈现”，契合题意；而第三段最终一句话andevenrespectedscientistshavejoinedthediscussionthroughe-mailandchatrooms.（甚至受人尊敬的科学家也经过电子邮件和谈天室参加了谈论），是对互联网对其奉献的具体阐明，不是直接缘由，故a选项“科学家的参加”，不正确；c选项“新理论的诞生”和d选项“互联网的快乐喜爱”与题干无关，故打扫。综上所述，本题的正确答案是b选项。

5.观念情绪题。题干:关于互联网在处置奇妙作业中的作用，作者是__________。全文末句表达了作者的情绪perhapsitisastepinthefightdirection.（或许这是朝着正确方向迈出的一步。）这儿astepintherightdirection是对这种解开不解之谜的方法的必定，但加上perhaps之后可以感遭到作者这种稳重的情绪，故a选项“稳重的”，契合题意。b选项“绝望的”，c选项“不断定的”和d选项“旷达的”，均不是作者的情绪。综上所述，本题的正确答案是a选项。

21.单选题

intheca查找引擎优化fmobilephones,changeiseverything.recentresearchindicatesthatthemobilephoneischangingnotonlyourculture,butourverybodiesaswell.

first.let’stalkaboutculture.thedifferencebetweenthemobilephoneanditsparent,thefixed-linephone,isthatamobilenumbercorrespondstoaperson,whilealandlinegoestoaplace.ifyoucallmymobile,yougetme.ifyoucallmyfixed-linephone,yougetwhoeveranswersit.

thishasseveralimplications.themostcommonone,however,andperhapsthethingthathaschangedourcultureforever,isthe“meeting”influence.peoplenolongerneedtomakefirmplansaboutwhenandwheretomeet.twentyyearsago,afridaynightwouldneedtobearrangedinadvance.youneededenoughtimetoalloweveryonetogetfromtheirplaceofworktothefirstmeetingplace.now,however,anightoutcanbearrangedontherun.itisnolonger“seeyouthereat8”，but“textmearound8andwe’llseewhereweallare”.

textingchangespeopleaswell.intheirpaper,“insightsintothesocialandpsychologicaleffectsofsmstextmessaging”，twobritishresearchersdistinguishedbetweentwotypesofmobilephoneusers:the“talkers”andthe“texters”thosewhoprefervoicetotextmessageandthosewhoprefertexttovoice.

theyfoundthatthemobilephone’sindividualityandprivacygavetexterstheabilitytoexpressawholenewouterpersonality.texterswerelikelytoreportthattheirfamilywouldbesurprisediftheyweretoreadtheirtexts.thissuggeststhattextingallowedtexterstopresentase