2016考研英语二真题及答案解析(2016考研英语二作文真题范文)

原标题：2016考研英语二真题及答案解析

2016年全国硕士研讨生入学共同考试英语（二）试题答案及解析(1)

section i use of english

directions:

read the following text. choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark a, b, c or d on the answer sheet. (10 points)

happy people work differently. they’re more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. and new research suggests that happiness might influence1 firms work, too.

companies located in place with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper.2 , firms in happy places spend more on r and development).that’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking3 for making investment for the future.

the researchers wanted to know if the4 and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would5 the way companies invested. so they compared u.s. cities’ average happiness6 by gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.

7 enough, firms’ investment and r intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were 8 . but it is really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities9 why firms there spend more on r to find out, the researches controlled for various10 that might make firms more likely to invest like size, industry , and sales-and-and for indicators that a place was11 to live in, li

ke growth in wages or population. they link between happiness and investment generally 12 even after accounting for these things.

the correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors13 to “less confined decision making process” and the possible presence of younger and less14 managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.” the relationship was 15 stronger in places where happiness was spread more16 . firms seem to invest more in places.

17 this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least 18 at that possibility. it’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help19 how executives think about the future. it surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward -thinking and creative and 20 r more than the average,” said one researcher.

1. [a] why [b] where [c] how [d] when

【答案】[c] how

【解析】根据空格地址语句可以看出，空格处大约是一个引导宾语从句的隶属连词，做influence的宾语。四个选项的意思中，只需c. how引导后边的内容做influence的宾语，前后意思合理。

2. [a] in return [b] in particular [c] in contrast [d] in conclusion

【答案】[b] in particular

【解析】空格的前一句话的内容是：位于在夸姣人群地址地的公司出资更多的钱。空格地址句的内容是：位于在夸姣人群地址地的公司在…方面投入更多的钱。很显着，前后语句是总分联络。选项中，只需b选项可以体现总分联络。

3. [a] sufficient [b] famous [c] perfect [d] necessary

【答案】[d] necessary

【解析】根据空格处前后的内容，_____ for making investments for the future是做后置定语润饰longer-term thinking和happiness。夸姣，这种耐久的思维方法关于对将来进行出资_______，四个选项中只需d. necessary 做后置定语契合前后内容。

4. [a] individualism [b] modernism [c] optimism [d] realism

【答案】[c] optimism

【解析】空格处的内容与inclination for risk-taking由and联接，构成并排联络，后边that come with happiness定语从句既润饰空格处的内容，也润饰inclination for risk-taking，所以选项中可以由that come with happiness润饰的只需c选项optimism。

5. [a] echo [b] miss [c] spoil [d] change

【答案】[d] change

【解析】空格处的内容和the way companies invested构成动宾分配。只需d选项可以和the way companies invested构成通畅语义。故d项正确。

6. [a] imagined [b] measured [c] invented [d] assumed

【答案】[b] measured

【解析】原文：so they compared u.s. cities’ average happiness_______ by gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas. 所以他们比照美国城市的均匀夸姣，这种夸姣是根据盖洛普在上市公司的出资活动区域民意查询来________。 a imagined 愿望，d assumed 假定与民意查询的客观性是不符的，故打扫，c invented 创造，与辞意不符，故选b measured，衡量，测量。

7. [a] sure [b] odd [c] unfortunate [d] often

【答案】[a] sure

【解析】此空的答案需要联系文章上下文来判别。这句话和本篇完型的第二段的首句的意义是相同的。本段首句其实是关于这一中心的重复论说，因而选a。

8. [a] advertised [b] divided [c] overtaxed [d] headquartered

【答案】[d] headquartered

【解析】原文：firms’ investment and r intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were _________.公司的出资与研发强度与公司所_______的区域的夸姣度有关。根据第7题的答案，咱们可以揣度，这句?钚吹牡ゴ屎蚻ocated大约是近义，故选d，headquartered树立总部。

9. [a] explain [b] overstate [c] summarize [d] emphasize

【答案】[a] explain

【解析】原文：…could something else about happier cities ______ why firms there spend more on r 此句也是关于这篇文章中心的再次证明。还有其他的啥可以__________公司在夸姣的城市参加研发投入力度吗? 这句话之后就是具体的缘由陈述。故选a express 说明，阐释。

10. [a] stages [b] factors [c] levels [d] methods

【答案】[b] factors

【解析】原文：to find out, the researchers controlled for various ________that might make firms more likely to invest – like size, industry, and sales ,为了找到答案,研讨人员控制了林林总总的可以会让公司加大出资的_______–比方巨细、作业和销量–，联络上下文，咱们可以看出，这个空格其实就是下文size, industry, and sales的上义词，可以包括这三个名词的内容。故选b factors 缘由，要素。

11. [a] desirable [b] sociable [c] reputable [d] reliable

【答案】[a] desirable

【解析】该句意思为：研讨者掌控了各种使公司更情愿出资的要素(比方规划、作业、出售)，也掌控了居住起来____的住处的预兆(比方薪酬或人数的增加)。此处需填入描述词，前后两句为并排联络，豪情颜色应坚持共同，所填词应和空前more likely to invest更可以出资，以及空后like举例的内容涨薪酬共同，也是功德，所以答案desirable可取的、令人满足的为正确选项。

12. [a] resumed [b] held [c] emerged [d] broke

【答案】[b] held

【解析】即便阐明这些疑问，全体来讲，高兴与出资之间的联络____。resume持续、从头初步，hold坚持不变，坚持，emerge呈现，break决裂。前后为递进，阐明这些疑问后，二者联络应仍然坚持不变，所以hold为正确答案。

13. [a] attribute [b] assign [c] transfer [d] compare

【答案】[a] attribute

【解析】该句意思为：高兴与出资之间的彼此联络对年青的公司特别激烈，作者把这一点____于”短少编纂的做抉择进程”。此处考分配，attribute…to把……归咎于，assign…to把……指派给，transfer…to把……传递给，compare…to把……比较照，其间attribute…to契合辞意，作者把这一点归因于于”短少编纂的做抉择进程”。

14. [a] serious [b] civilized [c] ambitious [d] experienced

【答案】[d] experienced

【解析】该题为并排平行联络查询，and前后情感颜色、所属领域应坚持共同，younger并排，应为less experienced短少经历的，故为正确答案。

15. [a] thus [b] instead [c] also [d] never

【答案】[c] also

【解析】该句话上一句为the correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong，此句为the relationship was 15 stronger，显着，二者之间为并排联络，因而选择also也。

16. [a] rapidly [b] regularly [c] directly [d] equally

【答案】[d] equally

【解析】此题查询副词。四个选项中，a选项rapidly意为”灵敏地”， b选项regularly意为”常规地”，c选项意为directly”直接地”，d选项equally”对等地”。此处谈论的是公司出资与高兴之间的联络。空格后指出，相较于在高兴不对等的当地，或许夸姣感有无量间隔的当地，公司更情愿在大大都人都较为夸姣的领域出资， d选项equally是对inequality的反义复现，因而，d选项是正确选项。

17. [a] after [b] until [c] while [d] since

【答案】[c] while

【解析】此处查询上下文的逻辑联络。上文指出，公司情愿在夸姣的领域里出资， 而空格后则说到”这并不能证明夸姣引发了公司扩展出资或许选用较长远的眼光看疑问”，显着，这二者之间是转机联络，正确选项为c选项while “可是”。

18. [a] arrives [b] jumps [c] hints [d] strikes

【答案】[c] hints

【解析】空格地址句的前半句质疑了出资与夸姣的联络，后半句的作者体现的情绪是”believe”， 因而此处要填入一个表活泼情绪的词，且能与后边的at that possibility构成分配， 标明”作者”的认可情绪。a选项arrive”抵达”，b选项jumps”跳动”，d选项strikes”冲击;停工”，均不能与at that possibility分配，c选项hints”暗示”契合语意，因而正确答案为c。

19. [a] shape [b] rediscover [c] simplify [d] share

【答案】[a] shape

【解析】联系辞意，此处是在正面论说”当地文明和空气”对公司运营的影响，且二者之间的因果联络一向贯穿全文。四个选项中，a选项shape意为”构成，描写” b选项rediscover”从头发现”， c选项simplify”简化”，d选项share”共享”， 其间只需a 选项最靠近语意，因而正确答案为a。

20. [a] pray for [b] lean towards [c] give away [d] send act

【答案】[b] lean towards

【解析】此处查询固定词组。 a选项pray for意为”为……恳求”，b选项lean towards意为”向……倾斜”，c选项give away意为”泄露; 失掉;赠送”，d选项send out意为”发送，宣告”。空格地址句的前后语意为”高兴的人比一般人愈加的具有正向思维，更有创造力，而且愈加的_____研讨和打开。”可知最契合辞意的只能是选项b。

【试题点评】2016年完形填空的全体思路仍是以实词为主的，紧跟早年出题思路。文章主旨在文章的首句及每一段的最初句中，答案分配也比照均匀。本题型为了查验考生实践使用英语的才能和语感。具体说来，是从语篇的视点归纳查验考生的阅览了解才能、词汇的掌控和对英语习气用语的了解程度、以及语法规则的活络运用。这有些我们必定要注重思路和寻找条理才能的练习，一般做题的根柢思路是，根据已知信息去填空，根据空前后的条理来选择填啥。比方说，标题让考生填主句的内容，那么从句中就会有相应的阐明。标题让考生填动词，原文常常在另外当地呈现这个动词的近义词。那么如何判别呢？首要根据需要填写动词后边呈现的宾语，找到有同一宾语的语句，该句中的动词就是所需填写词的近义词。

section ii reading comprehension

part a

directions:

read the following four texts. answer the questions below each text by choosing a, b, c or d. mark your answers on the answer sheet. (40 points)

text 1

it’s true that high-school coding classes aren’t essential for learning computer science in college. students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said tom cortina, the assistant dean at carnegie mellon’s school of computer science.

however, cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. when younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it’s not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers – but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. it’s not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal. giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, cortina said.

students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.

the flatiron school, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of the many coding bootcamps that’s become popular for adults looking for a career change. the high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but “we try to gear lessons toward things they’re interested in,” said victoria friedman, an instructor. for instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.

the students in the flatiron class probably won’t drop out of high school and build the next facebook. programming languages have a quick turnover, so the “ruby on rails” language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market. but the skills they learn – how to think logically through a problem and organize the results – apply to any coding language, said deborah seehorn, an education consultant for the state of north carolina.

indeed, the flatiron students might not go into it at all. but creating a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes. these kids are going to be surrounded by computers-in their pockets ,in their offices, in their homes -for the rest of their lives, the younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want -the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that -the better.

21.cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to _______

[a] complete future job training

[b] remodel the way of thinking

[c] formulate logical hypotheses

[d] perfect artwork production

【答案】[b] remodel the way of thinking

【解析】观念题。根据题干cortina holds回订亲位在第二段。第二段指出cortina认为过早的触摸电脑是有利的，紧接着指出当成人子学习电脑科学，他们就学习了如何去开发手机使用程序，或许创造艺术，或许验证假定。关于他们来说与大孩子比较，改动思维并不难。综上所述，[b]remodel the way of thinking是对原文”transform their thought”的同义置换。

22.in delivering lessons for high – schoolers , flatiron has considered their________

[a] experience [b] interest

[c] career prospects[d] academic backgrounds

【答案】[b] interest

【解析】实际细节题。根据题干要害信息”in delivering lessons for high-schoolers”、”flatiron has considered”，定位到第三段。整个第三段在叙说flatiron school。其间，第三行the high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but “we try to gear lessons toward things they’re interested in”(大学生们上相同的课程，可是”咱们力求以他们的快乐喜爱来调整课程”)，标明晰该校开设课程的根据是”学生的快乐喜爱”，故选[b] interest。

23.deborah seehorn believes that the skills learned at flatiron will ______

[a] help students learn other computer languages

[b] have to be upgraded when new technologies come

[c] need improving when students look for jobs

[d] enable students to make big quick money

【答案】[a] help students learn other computer languages

【解析】细节题。根据deborah seehorn 定位到文章第五段最终一句。deborah说他们学习的技能(如何思考疑问具有逻辑性并组织成果)可以使用到编码言语中去。选项[a]协助学生学习另外的电脑言语是对这句话的归纳。

24.according to the last paragraph, flatiron students are expected to ____

[a] bring forth innovative computer technologies

[b] stay longer in the information technology industry

[c] become better prepared for the digitalized world

[d] compete with a future army of programmers

【答案】[c] become better prepared for the digitalized world

【解析】推理题。根据题干要害词”the last paragraph”和”flatiron students”回订亲位在最终一段。最终一段第一句指出flatiron的学生不会全都进入it界。紧接着第二句阐明培育编码人员不是仅有意图，第三句进一步指出这些学生将会终身”被电脑围住”(日子在电脑年代)，比照四个所给选项，[c] become better prepared for the digitalized world与原辞意思共同，故正确。

25.the word “coax”(line4,para.6) is closest in meaning to ________

[a] persuade[b] frighten[c] misguide[d] challenge

【答案】[a] persuade

【解析】词义题。根据题干要害信息”coax”(line 4, para.6)，定位到最终一段第四行how to coax the machine into producing what they want(如何…电脑出产他们想要的)，且该有些是与how computers think(电脑是如何思维的)并排的，都是学生学习的具体内容。正是因为两者并排，因而根据单词think可知coax相同富含必定比方颜色，且coax指的是”让电脑出产他们想要的”一种办法或方法。persuade”?担坝?，即”劝诱电脑出产他们想要的”，语意恰当，是正确选项，本题正确答案为[a] persuade。

text 2

biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens—a kind of bird living on stretching grasslands-once lent red to the often grey landscape of the midwestern and southwestern united states. but just some 22,000 birds remain today, occupying about 16% of the species ‘historic range.

the crash was a major reason the u.s. fish and wildlife service (usfws)decided to formally list the bird as threatened .”the lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation ,” said usfws director daniel ashe. some environmentalists, however, were disappointed. they had pushed the agency to designate the bird as “endangered,” a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats .but ashe and others argued that the” threatened” tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservations approaches. in particular, they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal action. and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicken’s habitat.

under the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as they had signed a range-wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat. negotiated by usfws and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat .the fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat , usfws also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 years .and it gives the western association of fish and wildlife agencies (wafwa), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress. overall, the idea is to let “states” remain in the driver ‘s seat for managing the species,” ashe said.

not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric. some congress members are trying to block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three environmental groups are challenging it in federal court. not surprisingly, doesn’t go far enough. “the federal government is giving responsibility for managing the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction, ” says biologist jay lininger.

26.the major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is____.

[a]its drastically decreased population

[b]the underestimate of the grassland acreage

[c]a desperate appeal from some biologists

[d]the insistence of private landowners

【答案】[a]its drastically decreased population

【解析】本题归于细节题，查询了考生对文章首段中关于草原鸡数量的改变的了解。根据对首段首句傍边生物学家猜测的数量是2百万，而在首段末句呈现but转机以及末句傍边关于草原鸡如今真实的剩下数量只需2万2千只，都可以阐明草原鸡的数量急剧的降低；另外，这道题还有一种做法是经过第二段首句的主语的作用，某些情况下，文章中心期间的首句主语起到承上启下的作用，那么中心期间首句主语就会有归纳上一段的作用，这篇文章第二段的首句：the crash was a main reason usfws decided to formally list the bird as threatened. 就是对第26题题干和正确选项的同义替换，根据第二段第一句的主语：the crash (这种暴降)，对应正确选项a。

27.the “threatened” tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it____.

[a]was a give-in to governmental pressure

[b]would involve fewer agencies in action

[c]granted less federal regulatory power

[d]went against conservation policies

【答案】[d]went against conservation policies

【解析】本题归于推理题，根据题干信息：the “threatened”tag 令许多环境学家感到绝望，定位到第二段的第三句，因而，缘由大约出自第三句之后，而第四句和第五句中心有很显着的转机词but,因而答案定位在第五句，许多同学可以会问，这儿并没有标明缘由的词去与题干傍边的in that进行对应，可是在咱们的钻石卡的课程中说到，原文傍边给出缘由的并不必定是直接给出标明缘由的连词或许介词，在这篇文章第三句的but ashe and others argued that the “threatened” tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservation approaches. 傍边的gave这个词是”使得”的意思，a使得b如何如何，也就是a是b的缘由，因而这道题的答案是d (违背了维护办法)。

28.it can be learned from paragraph3 that unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they_____.

[a]agree to pay a sum for compensation

[b]volunteer to set up an equally big habitat

[c]offer to support the wafwa monitoring job

[d]promise to raise funds for usfws operations

【答案】[b]volunteer to set up an equally big habitat

【解析】本题归于推理题，根据题干傍边给出的方位信息(第三段)以及标明条件与成果的逻辑联络的if这个信息，可以灵敏定位到第三段的第一句，其间题干傍边的if与文章傍边的as long as 进行对应，而题干傍边的标明成果的有些与as long as 之行进行对应，因而，正确选项大约出自as long as 之后，也就是原文傍边的：they had signed a range-wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat. “签定一系列打点方案去恢复草原鸡的歇息地”，对应到的正确选项是b (volunteer to set up an equally big habitat 协助建立相同巨细的歇息地)。

29.according to ashe, the leading role in managing the species in______.

[a]the federal government

[b]the wildlife agencies

[c]the landowners

[d]the states

【答案】[d]the states

【解析】本题归于细节题。答案定位在文章第三段最终一句，从ashe所说的话中”states remain in the driver’s seat for managing the species”可以得出，选项d the states在打点物种方面起着领导作用。

30.jay lininger would most likely support_______.

[a]industry groups

[b]the win-win rhetoric

[c]environmental groups

[d]the plan under challenge

【答案】[b]the win-win rhetoric

【解析】本题归于揣度题。答案定位在文章最终一段，从jay lininger所说的话中，可以得知他认为政府大约为致使鸟类接近灭绝的工业担任任，因而可以得出，他最可以撑持本段最初所提出的双赢的说法。

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